Which is an example of a modern treaty?

• A. Nunavut Land Claims Agreement (1993)
• B. Numbered Treaties
• C. Indian Act
• D. British North America Act

Answer: (A)

Modern treaties are comprehensive agreements that settle Indigenous land claims and lay out rights to land, resources, and governance. The Nunavut Land Claims Agreement from 1993 is an example of this kind of treaty because it negotiated Inuit land rights in the Nunavut area, established how lands and resources would be managed, and included structures for self-government in certain matters. These features show it as a negotiated, post-constitutional framework that addresses both land and governance.

The other options aren’t modern treaties because they belong to different categories: the historic Numbered Treaties were signed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; the Indian Act is federal legislation governing many aspects of Indigenous life rather than a land-claims agreement; and the British North America Act (now the Constitution Act, 1867) is a foundational constitutional document, not a treaty settled with Indigenous groups.