Under the Numbered Treaties, which entity was responsible for providing education according to the law?

• A. Provincial governments.
• B. The individuals.
• C. The federal government.
• D. No one.

Answer: (C)

Education on reserves under the Numbered Treaties was the responsibility of the federal government. The treaties created obligations for the Crown to provide schooling to Indigenous children, and because Indigenous affairs and reserve lands fall under federal jurisdiction in Canada, the federal government (through departments like Indian Affairs) funds and administers this education. While provinces handle most of the general education system, the treaty context places the responsibility for Indigenous education on the federal level.